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Dr. Nitin Rimmalapudi

Robotic Surgeon

What is Robotic Surgery?

Robotic surgery is a type of minimally invasive or laparoscopic (small incision) surgery in which doctors utilize a computer controlled robot to help them with specific surgical procedures. The robot's "hands" have a great degree of motions, allowing surgeons to operate in very small areas in the body that would typically require open (long incision) surgery. Robotic and minimally invasive surgery has smaller incisions than open surgery (conventional surgery with incisions), resulting in less discomfort and scars. Using robotic technology, surgeons can execute difficult surgical procedures through small incisions.

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What's the difference between Open surgery and Robotic surgery / Minimally invasive surgery?

Between Robotic Surgery/Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS) and Open Surgery, there are a number of differences, that includes:

Doctors do minimally invasive surgery by creating small incisions, whereas open surgery requires a larger incision.
In comparison to open surgery, minimally invasive surgery patients experience fewer traumas.
Patients who have minimally invasive robotic surgery require less recovery time and can return to work sooner, whereas patients who undergo open surgery require more time.
Minimally invasive robotic surgery results in significantly less blood loss than open surgery.
In comparison to open surgery, there is less scarring with minimally invasive robotic surgery.

How is Robotic Surgery Performed

The robotic surgical system consists of a surgeon command centre, patient side arm cart, and vision cart. The surgeon console is equipped with hand controls and foot pedals and 3D, 4K screen, where the surgeon sits, controls and operates the robotic arms. The patient side arm cart are positioned on the operating table according to the type of surgery. The surgical assistant stands next to the patient to change the Mudra instruments in the robotic arms as needed. The vision cart includes a 3d,4K monitor that displays the surgical site inside the patient's body. The surgeon sits in the console and views the surgical area through the 3D, 4K monitors which provides a high magnified view of what the human eye sees. Using hand controls, Mudra instruments are operated. The surgeon's hand movements are precisely replicated by the Mudra instruments inside the patient's body.

Common Robotic Procedures

Common Robotic Assisted Cardiac Surgeries

LIMA Take Down – Freeing a chest artery to use as a natural bypass for blocked heart vessels

Mitral Valve Replacement – Replacing a damaged heart valve to improve blood flow and heart function

BIMA Take Down – Using both chest arteries to create stronger and long-lasting heart bypasses

Robotic TECAB (Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass) – A minimally invasive heart bypass done without opening the chest bone

ASD (Atrial Septal Defect) Repair – Closing a hole in the heart to prevent fatigue, stroke, or heart strain.

Common Robotic Assisted General, Gastroenterology & Colorectal Surgeries

Cholecystectomy – Removal of the gallbladder

Gastric Bypass – Weight-loss surgery

Hernia Repair – Fixing a bulge in the abdominal/ groin area

Appendectomy – Removal of the appendix, usually for appendicitis

Robotic Rectopexy – Fixing rectal prolapse (when the rectum slips out of place) using robotic assistance

Pancreatic Whipple – Removal of part of the pancreas, intestine, and bile duct to treat cancer

Pancreatic Tumour Resection – Removal of a tumour from the pancreas Colorectal Surgery – Surgery on the colon and/or rectum

Abdominoperineal Resection (APR) – Removal of the rectum and anus

Lower Anterior Resection – Removal of the diseased lower part of the colon

Common Robotic Assisted Gynaecology Procedures

Radical /Total Hysterectomy – Removal of the uterus.

Myomectomy – Removal of fibroids from the uterus.

Endometriosis Treatment – Removal of abnormal tissue growing outside the uterus.

Ovarian Cyst Removal – Removal of fluid-filled sacs from the ovary.

Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repair – Lifting and fixing organs.

Sacrocolpopexy – Surgery to support a dropped vagina or uterus using mesh. Vaginoplasty – Repair of the vaginal area.

Ovarian Mass Excision – Removal of abnormal growths on the ovary.

Bilateral Salpingo - Oophorectomy (BSO) – Removal of both ovaries and fallopian tubes.

Tuboplasty – Surgery to open or repair blocked fallopian tubes.

Common Robotic Assisted Thoracic Procedures

Thymectomy – Removal of the thymus gland

Lobectomy – Removal of one lobe of the lung to treat cancer or infection.

Left/Right Pneumonectomy – Removal of an entire lung

Robotic Bullectomy – Removal of large air pockets (bullae) from the lungs.

Robotic Esophageal Leiomyoma Excision – Removal of a non-cancerous tumor from the food pipe.

Left/Right VATS Metastasectomy – Removal of cancer that has spread to the lungs using minimally invasive chest surgery.

Internal Mammary Lymph Node Dissection – Removal of lymph nodes near the breastbone for cancer evaluation.

Common Robotic Assisted Urological Procedures

Radical Prostatectomy – Removal of the prostate gland.

Nephrectomy – Removal of the kidney due to cancer.

Partial / Radical Cystectomy – Removal of part or all the urinary bladder

Radical Adrenalectomy – Removal of one adrenal gland

Right/Left Nephroureterectomy – Removal of the kidney

Pyeloplasty – Surgery to fix a blockage urine drainage tube

Pyelolithotomy – Removal of large kidney stones

Right/Left Adrenal Tumour Excision – Removal of a tumour from the adrenal gland

Donor Nephrectomy – Removal of a healthy kidney for transplant donation

Robotic Bladder Neck Reconstruction – Surgery to fix the bladder outlet for better urine control

Renal Transplant (Recipient) – Transplantation of a new kidney into a patient with kidney failure

Benefits of ROBOTIC SURGERY

Increased Precision

An advanced and incredibly precise surgical robotic system that allows surgeons to perform complex procedures with greater accuracy, magnified vision and more surgical control than traditional procedures.

Smaller Incisions

Robotic Surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that uses smaller incisions than traditional surgery. This reduces scarring, bleeding and trauma and results in a quicker recovery time for patients.

Reduced Risk of Infection

The small incisions in robotic surgery effectively minimize the wound’s exposure to the external environment, resulting in a significant decrease in patient susceptibility to infections.

Less Blood Loss

Robotic Surgery is associated with much less blood loss compared to traditional surgeries, which reduces the need for blood transfusion and other associated complications.

Faster Recovery

Robotic Surgery involves smaller incisions and less tissue damage or trauma, which leads to faster patient recovery with less pain, compared to traditional open-heart procedures.

Shorter Hospital Stay

Patients need to spend less time in the hospital with the benefits of faster recovery, making robotic surgery a cost-effective solution.

Ask Your Doctor If Robotic Surgery Is Right For You?

Frequently Asked Questions

1

Ask your doctor if Robotic Surgery is right for you?

Myth: The robot operates on its own.

Fact: No. The surgery is 100% controlled by your surgeon using a robotic system for better precision

2

Is robotic surgery safe?

Myth: It's too new or risky.

Fact: Robotic surgery is clinically proven, safe, and used in leading hospitals worldwide, including India.

3

Will robotic surgery leave a big scar?

Myth: It's like traditional surgery.

Fact: It uses small incisions, meaning less pain, smaller scars, and faster recovery.

4

Is robotic surgery only for rich patients?

Myth: It’s unaffordable.

Fact: Thanks to Indian innovations like the SSI Mantra Robot, it's now accessible and cost-effective.

5

Does robotic surgery take longer?

Myth: Technology slows things down.

Fact: Robotic tools help your surgeon operate more efficiently, often reducing surgical time.

6

What is the benefit to me as a patient?

Fact: You can expect faster recovery, fewer complications, less blood loss, and a quicker return to daily life.